Tuesday, April 12, 2016

Orda Cave: World's Longest Underwater Gypsum Cave in Russia

A team of daring cave divers working on Orda Cave Awareness Project have produced an incredible series of photos of the longest underwater gypsum crystal cave in the world. Located near Orda village in Perm region, Ural, Orda Cave is also the biggest underwater gypsum crystal cave in the world and second in Eurasia in terms of volumes of its galleries that stretch up to five kilometers.

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Over a period of six months, famous underwater photographer, journalist and dive-instructor Victor Lyagushkin led the team of cave divers and took stunning images of the cave at less than zero degree temperature.

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The location of the cave in Ural region, which is known for rich mineral deposits in Russia, may be linked to the gypsum content in Orda Cave, which has transparent water because of the mineral. The water is so clear divers can see over 50 yards ahead of them.

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Lady Of The Lake: The Ghostly Remains of a B-29 Superfortress

The “Lady of the Lake” is what remains of a B-29 weather reconnaissance aircraft that rests in the middle of an Alaskan lake near Eielson Air Force Base.
The aircraft formerly belonging to Eielson's 58th WRS. In 1957, many of the B-29s were replaced by B-50s, a larger version of the B-29. Although the two airplane models looked alike, most parts were not interchangeable. After World War II, many B-29s were stripped of all their useful parts, so that they could be recycled as production of new parts were stopped. By the time the B-50s arrived, parts cannibalization on B-29s was standard practice, just to keep the remaining planes of the fleet flying.
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The “Lady of the Lake” was one such unfortunate aircraft. With all the useful parts removed, and with no chance of replacement, the plane was removed from the active aircraft inventory. At that time, almost all of the flights originating out of Eielson AFB were reconnaissance flights traveling over open water, either over the Arctic Ocean, or the North Pacific Ocean. It was decided that the grounded B-29 be used for open water extraction practice.

lady-of-the-lake-3The plane was hauled out to its present location - a gravel pit off Transmitter Road - via the railroad, and set up in a shallow pond for training purposes. Unfortunately, rain water collected in the pool around the aircraft forming a small pond. Soon the water level became too high to continue the extraction training, and the plane was abandoned in place, where it subsequently became known as “The Lady of the Lake”.

lady-of-the-lake-5Over the years, a certain mystic rose around the plane, and many different theories came about as to its origins. According to a running rumor, the aircraft was practicing touch-and-go landings when the front landing gear of a B-29P buckled, sending the temporary duty aircraft careening across the Eielson runway into a snowbank. Towing operations damaged the aircraft even more, and base officials decided to condemn the aircraft and strip it of usable parts. As the story goes, several years later the B-29 was hauled to a gravel pit where a lake formed around the dilapidated aircraft.
This story is not true. According to Air Force records, the plane broke down in September 1954 and was declared a permanent loss due to wear and tear on November 15 the same year. When it was towed to its present location is unknown.

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                           A B-29 Superfortress in flight.                          




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The Christmas Tree Worm

Scientifically that are calledspirobranchus giganteus, but they are better known by their colloquial name — Christmas tree worm. The worm is so called not because they feed on fig trees but because they look like them.
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christmas-tree-worm-10The spirobranchus giganteuslive in the ocean and sports two magnificent spirals of plumes that protrude from its tube-like body and which look like tiny Christmas trees. These plumes are composed of hair-like appendages called radioles that radiate from the worm’s central spine, and help the animal to grab food, which typically consists of microscopic plants, or phytoplankton, floating in the water. The plumes are also used for respiration. Measuring less than 4 cm in height, they come in many colors including orange, yellow, blue, and white and, are easily spotted due to their shape, beauty, and color.

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The Christmas tree worm doesn’t like to move about much. Once they find a good place on a live calcareous coral, they burrow a hole and live their for the rest of their lives, occasionally emerging from their home to catch passing plankton with their fully extended plumes. They are very sensitive to disturbances and will rapidly retract into their burrows at the slightest touch or passing shadow.


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